3-氯-2-羟丙基三甲基氯化铵季铵化聚乙烯醇反应机理研究

Rection mechanisms during the quaterniation of polyvinyl alcohol and 3-chloro-2-hydroxyrpyl trimethyl ammonim chloride

以3-氯-2-羟丙基三甲基氯化铵为醚化剂,在碱性条件下使聚乙烯醇发生季铵化反应。利用ATR-FTIR表征了产物结构,考察了碱与醚化剂的比例、反应温度、反应时间对季铵化聚乙烯醇膜离子交换容量数值的影响,初步提出了KOH在聚乙烯醇季铵化过程中的作用机理。通过对样品的XRD、FTIR谱图分析,解释了季铵化聚乙烯醇经长时间干燥不能完全溶解的原因。研究出高离子交换容量季铵化聚乙烯醇的最佳合成条件。采用季铵化聚乙烯醇铸膜液与戊二醛交联,制备得到具有较高离子交换容量的季铵化聚乙烯醇膜。

The quaternization reaction of polyvinyl alcohol （PVA） was carried out under alkaline conditions by using 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride （CHP-TAC） as etherifying agent. The chemical structure of quatern-ization polyvinyl alcohol （QPVA） was confirmed by ATR-FT-IR. The infullences of alkali and etherification agent ratio,re-action temperature and time on the ion exchange capacity of the quaternized poly（ vinyl alcohol）membrane were investiga-ted. The mechanism of KOH action in the process of quatern- ization reaction was put forward. The reasons why the QPVA was not completely dissolved after a long time of drying were explained via XRD and FTIR. The optimal synthetic condi-tions of the QPVA were obtained. Quaternized poly （ vinyl al-cohol） membranes with higher ion exchange capacity were obtained by erosslinking with the casting solution of QPVA and glutaraldehyde.