服丹养生之流变——“丹”“药”融一

Integration of 'Dan' and 'Medicine':Evolvement of the regimen of taking Dan for immortality

服丹是服食养生的重要内容和技术方法之一,早期主要是指以服食金石药物为主的养生方法,后期则演变为以金石药物烧炼制作工艺加工而成的各类药物的服食养生方法。由于早期服丹的目的是追求长生成仙,后来则演变为对疾病的治疗和预防以及延年益寿,所以服丹养生经历了由热烈风行到冷落归隐的过程,从肯定追随到质疑存疑的过程,以及服丹与服药融合为一的过程。面对至今犹存的服丹养生现象,我们应当纠正对于丹药的迷信与偏见,使人们能够更加理性地对待这一两千多年的文化遗产。

The regimen of taking dan for immortality is an essential part and one of technical approaches to fushi regimen. In its early stage, it was a kind of regimen by mainly taking drugs made of certain minerals. And in its later stage, it developed into fushi regimen of taking various drugs processed through refinement of certain minerals. The purpose of taking dan for immortality was initially to pursue longevity and become immortal, and subsequently to cure and prevent diseases, as well as extend one＇s life expectancy. As a result, the regimen of taking dan for immortality experienced a process from popular to isolated, from advocated to be challenged, and from taking dan to taking dan combined with medicine. Face to the existed situation of taking dan for immortality, we should correct superstition and prejudice to Dan medicine, that people can more rationally treat the few thoudsand years of cultural heritage.