外源和内源微生物在营养剂激活过程中丰度变化及对原油作用研究

Study of Changes in Abundance and Degradation Crude Oil Capacity of Endogenous Bacteria and Andexogenous Bacteria Activation in Oilfield Under Injecting Activation Agent Conditions

旨在研究在油藏环境中,营养剂激活条件下内、外源微生物相互作用过程中的细菌群落和结构的变化,及其对微生物降解原油能力的影响。利用中海油NB35-2油田A18、B16井产出液油水样,在地层条件下投放营养剂及外源菌进行富集培养后,定时取样,样品用变性梯度凝胶电泳(DGGE)技术分析其丰度结构变化;同时结合原油黏度测定、四组分分析,分析营养剂激活过程中外源、内源微生物对原油作用变化,研究营养剂的加入对激活原油降解微生物的作用。通过对内源和外源微生物激活前后DGGE条带的数量和亮度变化分析表明,油藏环境中的细菌在种类和数量上并不丰富,激活剂的加入改变了菌群原有的贫营养环境,从而使一些因营养缺乏生长受抑制细菌得以大量繁殖,菌群结构发生变化。结果显示,单独添加外源菌种不能有效激活内源菌种,加入营养剂后,内源菌种的数量和种类明显增加,同时外源菌和内源菌复配后对原油的降解作用也明显增强。

It was study the structure change of exogenous and indigenous microbial population during activation of stratal microflora under injecting activation agent conditions, and the effect on the microbial degradation crude oil capacity. The water sample was from A 18, BI6 well produced water in NB35-20ilfield. The bacteria in the water sample under injecting activation agent conditions was activated, and samples at different time intervals were collected. These samples were analyzed by denature gradient gel electrophoresis （ DGGE ） , and the effect of addition of activation agent on microbial degradation crude oil capacity were studied through determination of viscosity and four fractions contents analysis of crude oil. Based on the analysis of the number and lightness of DGGE bands, we studied the change of the microbial community diversity activation of stratal bacteria. The species number and total quantity of dominant microbial population were not abundant under oil reservoir conditions. After injecting activation agent, some bacteria grew and reproduced quickly along with the enhancement of nutrition condition, and the structure of dominant microbial population changed. Exogenous hacteria alone can not effectively activate endogenous bacteria, and after adding nutrients, the species number and total quantity of endogenous bacteria significantly increased, while the performance of degradation to crude oil of exogenous bacteria and endogenous bacteria was significantly enhanced.