酶法从虾壳中提取甲壳素工艺优化的研究

Study on optimization of chitin extraction by protease from shrimp shell

利用蛋白酶水解虾壳,以水解率为指标,研究了各种条件对水解效果的影响。通过比较不同蛋白酶的水解效果,发现碱性蛋白酶的水解效果最好,最适的水解条件为:碱性蛋白酶添加量5000U/g,pH8.5,水解温度60℃,水解时间6h,水解pH为8.5,底物质量浓度2g/100mL,在此条件下,水解率达到78.3%。最后通过扫描电镜(SEM)观察了采用不同脱除蛋白方法处理后的甲壳素表面状态,酶法与碱法脱蛋白对甲壳素表面微观状态影响不同,酶法脱蛋白后甲壳素表面较光洁,证实本方法分离效果合理。

Proteases was used to extract chitin from the shrimp shell. The hydrolysation conditions were studied, and the effect was evaluated by the hydrolysis rate. By comparing with different hydrolysis effects of proteases,it suggested that Alcalase shown the best hydrolysis effect. The optimized the hydrolysis reaction system was.5000U/g Alcalase,pH8.5,60℃ for 6h,at the concentration of substrate 2g mass/100mL solution. The hydrolysis rate on the optimal system was 78.3%. Through the electron microscopy（SEM） scanning,the effect of the different methods to extract chitin was compared. The surface of chitin deproteinized by Alcalase was glabrous and different from the alkaline solution,which confirmed the enzymatic reaction system was successful.