纳米银涂层输尿管支架抗菌效果的体内外实验研究

Experimental studies of antibacterial effect of ureteral stent coated with nano-silver in vitro and in vivo

目的 观察纳米银表面涂层输尿管支架的体内、外抗菌性能.方法 根据纳米银颗粒直径分组（A组直径＜20 nm,B组直径20～40 nm,c组直径＞40 nm,D组为未涂层的普通胚管）,试菌种选用大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌,应用体外抗菌环实验测量输尿管支架周围抑菌圈直径的大小,观察纳米银输尿管支架对细菌总DNA的影响,将纳米银输尿管支架植入家兔体内后分期检测尿白细胞量.结果 A、B、C三组均可见抗菌环出现,D组无抗菌环产生.大肠杆菌组间：F =784.93,P＜0.05,各组间比较均P＜0.05;金黄色葡萄球菌组间：F=545.8979,p ＜0.05,各组间比较均P＜0.05.经纳米银输尿管支架处理和未处理的大肠杆菌总DNA电泳后显示处理组DNA量减少,并可观察到部分降解DNA的明亮区域.两组输尿管支架植入动物体内试验显示纳米银涂层组尿白细胞阳性率低于对照组（jP＜0.05）.结论 纳米银涂层输尿管支架具有良好的表面效应及理想的抗菌效果.

[Objective ] To investigate the antibaeterial property of ureteral stent coated with nano-silver in vitro and in vivo. [Methods ] Ureteral stents were divided into groups according to the diameter of silver grains （group A： 〈20 nm, group B： 20-40 nm, group C： 〉40 nm, group D： non-coating ureteral Stents）. Antibacterial circle diameter around the ureteral stents was measured by using escheriehia eoli and staphylococcus aureus as the experimental bacteria. The effect of ureteral stent coated with nano-silver on the total microbial DNA was observed. Urinary leukocyte count of rabbits which were treated with ureteral stents coated with nanometer-silver was detected regu- larly. [Results] Antihacterial circles were found in the group A, B and C, which was no found in the group D. There were statistical difference among the groups of escherichia coli （F =784.93, P 〈0.05） and that of staphylococcus au- reus（F =545.8979, P 〈0.05）. The gel electrophoresis result of total DNA indicated that the DNA amount of nano-sil- ver coated group was less than that of control group. In vivo studies show that the positive rate of urinary leukocyte in the nano-silver treatment group was lower than that in the control group. [Conclusions] Ureteral stent coated with nano-silver have good surface effect amt antibacterial effeet.