市场分割与出口竞争力:基于中国数据的经验研究

Market Segmentation and Export Competition: The Empirical Analysis on the Data in China

鉴于中国转型时期特有的制度因素,本文采用2004年中国地区行业层面的数据检验了市场分割制度安排对出口竞争力的影响。结果发现,劳动力市场和资本市场分割会通过一些行业特征抑制出口竞争力的提升,其机制是要素的非自由流动导致企业不能获得足够的和最优的生产要素进而影响其规模化生产和生产效率甚至技术提升,导致竞争力和出口竞争力下降。而产品市场分割一方面也会通过此渠道抑制出口竞争力,但另一方面,严重的市场分割也可能迫使企业放弃国内市场而不得已以出口来获得规模经济和利润,两者相反的作用导致产品市场分割对出口竞争力的影响不明显。

Considering the transfer phase in China and its unique institution,the paper investigates the effect of market segmentation on export competition by the industrial regional data in China. It finds that labor and capital market segmentation will restrain the export competition by some industrial characters,and its channel is that firms can't get enough and good factors for production due to factors comfortless flow,which will prevent the scales economics and efficiency and technology progress,and this will worsen the export competition. While goods market segmentation will restrain the export competition in this way on one hand,and it will compel some firms to achieve scale merit by exporting and giving up domestic markets because of the high cost of market segmentation. So,the total effect on export competition of goods market segmentation is not obvious.