模糊多目标决策方法在风电场选址中的应用

Application of fuzzy multi-objective decision-making method in wind farm site selecting

为了选取合适的风电场址,提出层次分析法(AHP)、灰色关联分析法、逼近理想解法(TOPSIS)相结合的模糊多目标决策方法。首先基于层次分析法构建风电场选址的层次结构,构造目标的判断矩阵,求出各目标的权重值;其次运用灰色关联分析法和TOPSIS法相结合的方法,将定量目标和定性目标规范化,并结合权重向量,得到加权规范化的决策矩阵;求出相对于每个目标的正、负理想解,每个方案与正、负理想解之间的距离以及每个方案的灰色关联度;将距离和灰色关联度标准化,并计算各方案的整体贴近度;最后,求出各方案综合所有目标的整体贴近度,根据贴近度的大小对方案进行排序。实例分析证明,该方法能够科学有效地进行风电场的选址决策。

In order to select a suitable wind farm site, a fuzzy multi-objective decision-making method that consists of analytic hierarchy process （AHP）, gray correlation analysis method and technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution （TOPSIS） was proposed. First of all, based on AHP, a hierarchical structure of wind farm site selection was constructed, judgment matrices of targets were structured, weight value of each target was calculated; secondly, the gray correlation analysis method and TOPSIS were used to normalize quantitative targets and qualitative targets, which were combined with weight vectors, then a weighted normalized decision matrix was gotten; the positive and negative ideal solutions relative to each target were obtained, the distance between each program and positive ideal solutions, the distance between each program and the negative ideal solutions and the gray corre- lation degree of each program were calculated; the distances and the gray correlation degree were stan- dardized, and overall closeness degree of each program was calculated; finally, an overall closeness de- gree of each program that integrates all targets was calculate. The programs were sorted according to size of closeness degree. The instance shows that this method for wind farm site selection is scientific and effective.