从“保姆”到“幼儿园教师”——基于以往学制看幼儿园教师专业化水平的提高

Change from “Baby-sitter” to “Kindergarten Teacher”:On the Improvement of Kindergarten Teachers’ Professionalism from the Perspective of Old School System

随着社会的发展，教育的进步，幼儿园教师的称谓经历了从“保姆”到“幼稚园教员”“教养员”再到“幼儿园教师”的变迁。通过对癸卯学制、壬子癸丑学制、壬戌学制、1951年学制等以往学制及相关文件的分析发现，幼儿园教师称谓的变化反映了幼儿园教师专业化水平的日益提高。幼儿园教师由最初的基本无识字能力的封建礼教代言人逐渐发展为具有自主精神的专门幼教从业人员。专业化水平的不断提高。要求学前教育师资培养应当理论、技能、实践并重，还要重视资格认证，完善幼儿园教师准入制度，同时寻求政府更多的支持与引导．

With the development of the society and progress of education, the name of kindergarten teachers has experienced changes from ＂baby-sitter＂ to ＂kindergarten teacher＂. The documents of Guimao, Renziguichou, Renxu and 1951 ＇s educational system show that the changes reflect the improvement of kindergarten teachers＇ professionalism. Kindergarten teachers change gradually from illiterate mouthpiece of old rules to preschool education professionals with independent spirit. The improvement of professionalism requires the cultivation of kindergarten teachers to equally emphasize the importance of theory, skills, and practice, and meanwhile seek more support and guide from governments.