从“压迫性道德”到“涵养性道德”——浅议中国幼儿园教师职业道德的历史演进

From “Passive Moral” to “Active Moral”:On the Historical Evolution of Professional Moral of Chinese Kindergarten Teachers

中国幼儿园教师职业道德在历史演进过程中经历了重构和微调：清末时期的“压迫性道德”在民国时期、社会主义时期进行了重构，民国时期经历了从“启蒙性道德”到“主体性道德”的微调．社会主义时期则经历了从“奉献性道德”到“涵养性道德”的微调。从“压迫性道德”到“涵养性道德”，是从文化压迫到人文关怀的人性化过程，也是从“普适道德”到“规范道德”的职业化过程，更是从“身份道德”到“专业道德”的专业化过程。基于历史发展趋势，当前幼儿园教师职业道德制度建设需要重视人文性，增强规范性，关注专业性。

During historical evolution, professional moral of Chinese kindergarten teachers experienced restructure and minor adjusmaent： ＂passive moral＂ at the end of Qing Dynasty was restructured in 1920s and period of Socialism, and from ＂the enlightenment of moral＂ to ＂subjective moral＂ in 1920s, and ＂contributing moral＂ to ＂active moral＂ during period of socialism. The change from ＂passive moral＂ to ＂active moral＂ is a humanized process, changing from culture oppression to humane concerns. It is also a professionalized process from ＂identification moral＂ to ＂professional moral＂. Currently, humanity, standardization and professionalism should be focused on during the construction of kindergarten teachers＇ moral system.