132例精神类药物不良反应报告分析

rAnalysis of adverse reaction reports of psychiatric drugs in 132 cases

目的 分析本院精神类药物不良反应的特点.方法 回顾性分析本院2011年1月～2012年12月收治的132例精神类药物不良反应患者的临床资料.结果 132例精神类药物不良反应患者中,女性占71.2％,男性占28.8％,女性多于男性,以31～40岁年龄段的患者最多（占37.1％）;本院共用到14种精神类药物,大多数给药方式都是口服（占95.6％）,其中,利培酮的使用例数最多（占38.6％）,其次是氯氮平（占18.2％）,用得最少的是丙戊酸镁、舒必利、卡马西平、氟哌啶醇及氟奋乃静葵酸酯（均占0.8％）;不良反应涉及最多的是神经系统（占31.1％）,其次是心血管系统（占24.2％）,涉及最少的是泌尿系统（占0.8％）,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.结论 精神类药物品种多,用药情况复杂,应该合理使用精神类药物,避免不良反应的发生,确保用药安全.

Objective To analyze the characteristics of adverse reactions of psychiatric drugs in our hospital. Methods Clinical data of 132 adverse reaction patients due to administration of psychiatric drugs admitted into our hospital from January 2011 to December 2012 was retrospectively analyzed. Results Among these cases,the percentage of female cases was 71.2%,much higher than that of the male ones （accounted for 28.8%）.The number of patients aged between 31 to 40 years old was at most （accounted for 37.1%）,there were 14 kinds of drugs were applied in our hospital and mostly by oral administration（accounted for 95.6%）.The top 2 applied psychiatric drugs were risperidone（accounted for 38.6%） and clozapine （accounted tbr 18.2%）,and the least applied drugs were magnesium valproate,sulpiride,carba- mazepine,haloperidol and fluphenazine decanoate with the proportion of 0.8% from each drug.The nervous system in- wflved in 41 cases（accounted for 31.1%） was in the first place,which was followed by cardiovascular system in 32 cas- es（accounted for 24.2%）,and the urinary system involved in least accounted for 0.8%.The data mentioned above all displayed statistieal differences （P〈0.05）. Conclusion There are many kinds of psychiatric drugs which are applied in complicated situations,and these drugs should be used rationally to avoid the occurrence of adverse reaction and en- sure the drug safety.