甘油冷冻保护剂及冷冻降温速度对人精子功能及染色体的影响

The Effects of Glycerol-cryopreservative Medium and Speed of Cooling on Human Spermatozoal Function and Spermatozoa Chromosome

为研究冷冻对人精子生育力及染色体的影响。本实验选用健康、已生育、２５～３５岁男性供精者的精液，以７．５％的甘油作冷冻保护剂，通过冷冻前后精液常规分析、穿卵试验、染色体核型分析，发现在冷冻－复苏后，精子活动率、穿卵率均有一定程度下降，精子染色体数目和结构异常的发生频率冻贮前后无显著差异。但在活力好、具有生育能力的精子中，携Ｘ－染色体的精子与携Ｙ－染色体的精子所占比例发生了显著改变，由冻前的Ｘ：Ｙ＝５０： ５０变成冻后的 ６０．８５： ３９．１５。

This experiment was designed to evaluate the effects of glycerol-cryopreservative medium and the speed of cooling on human spermatozoal function and spermatozoa chromosome. The semen samples were collected from normal fertile 20-35 year old volunteers. 7. 5 % of glycerol was used as cryopreservative medium (CMP). The experimental result showed that there was a decline in the percentage of motility of spermatozoa and zona-free hamster ova penetrated by spermatozoa after freeing-thawing. The human sperm chromosome analysis showed no significant differences of aneuploidy or structural anomalies between the fresh and frozen-thawed, but after freezing-thawing the sex chromosomal ratio of spermatozoa significantly differed from the expected 1: l-the member of X-spermatozoa was more than that of Y-spermatozoa and the ratio was 60. 85: 39. 15.