桂林市儿童肺炎支原体感染流行特点及与气候因素相关性研究

Epidemiological characteristics and meteorological factors in childhood Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in Guilin

目的：探讨桂林市儿童肺炎支原体（MP）感染的流行特点及与气候因素的关系。方法检测2011年1月至2012年12月住院的1342例呼吸道感染患儿的MP-Ig，同时收集2011年1月至2012年12月的气象资料，采用多元线性回归分析研究MP-Ig检出率与气候因素的相关性。结果 MP总检出率为23.17%；0~1岁、~3岁、~6岁、〉6岁患儿的MP-Ig阳性率分别为5.51%、28.99%、37.31%和44.97%；女性阳性率30.08%，男性19.05%；春、夏、秋、冬四季阳性率分别为18.89%、17.39%、23.83%和33.05%；以上年龄、性别、季节的差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。月平均气温与MP-Ig检出率呈负相关（P=0.001）。结论 MP已成为儿童呼吸道感染常见病原体之一，MP感染以冬季最高，大年龄、女性儿童多见，低气温是影响MP流行的主要气象学因素。

Objective To study the epidemiology of mycoplasma pneumonia （MP） infection in children and its relationship to meteorological conditions in Guilin. Methods Total of 1 342 hospitalized children with respiratory tract infections from Janu-ary 2011 to December 2012 were recruited, and the serum levels of mycoplasma pneumoniae antibody Ig （MP-Ig） were measured. Meanwhile, monthly meteorological conditions were collected. The relationships between the MP-Ig detection rates and meteoro-logical conditions were analyzed by multiple linear regression analysis. Results The total detection rate of MP-Ig was 23.2%with positive rates as 5.51%, 28.99%, 37.31%and 44.97%for 0-1, 1-3, 3-6 and〉6 year-old groups respectively （P〈0.01）. The positive rate of female was higher than that of male with signiifcant difference （30.08%vs 19.05%, P〈0.01）. The positive rate of spring, summer, autumn and winter were 18.89%, 17.39%, 23.83%and 33.05%individually （P〈0.01）. Negative correlation was found be-tween detection rate of MP-Ig and monthly mean air temperature （P=0.001）. Conclusion MP is one of the commonest pathogens of respiratory tract infection in children and mostly seen in elder female children with a higher incidence in winter. The main me-teorological factor is the low temperature that affects MP prevalence.