石油重芳烃毒性的实验研究

Experimental Study on the Toxicity of Petroleum Aromatics

为探讨石油重芳烃的毒性 ,选用大鼠、豚鼠及家兔 ,采用经口、呼吸道及皮肤、粘膜染毒途径 ,对石油重芳烃的急性毒性、蓄积性进行研究。结果表明 :石油重芳烃的大鼠经口LD50 为 3 16 0mg/kg ;急性中毒表现为发抖、嗜睡、活动减少、严重腹泻、不思饮食、直至死亡。大鼠皮肤涂敷剂量达 40 0 0mg/kg和以 10mg/L吸入染毒 2小时均未出现死亡 ;家兔皮肤及眼刺激强度为轻度刺激性 ;豚鼠皮肤变态反应试验为中等致敏性 ;大鼠蓄积试验为强蓄积性。结论 :石油重芳烃经口急性毒性属于低毒物 ,经皮及粘膜为微毒物 ,对皮肤和眼有轻度刺激 。

Acute toxicity and accumulation of petroleum aromatics in rats,guinea pigs,and rabbits were observed.Petroleum aromatics were administrated through P\^O.,inhalation,and percutaneous route.LD 50 (P\^O.)was 3 160 mg/kg in rats.A few symptoms such as shudder,sleepiness,inactiveness,severe diarrhea and poor appetite,up to death due to acute poisoning were observed.No death happened when rats were given 4 000 mg/kg petroleum aromatics percutaneously or 10 mg/L through inhalation within 2 hours.Medium anaphylactia type allergy was shown in guinea pigs,and severe accumulation revealed in rats.Experiment showed that petroleum aromatics have low toxicity both through P O.and percutaneous route,mild irritation on skin and in eyes,and medium anaphylactia type allergy and severe accumulation.