中国紫金牛属的分支分类学研究

Cladistics of the Genus Ardisia in China

为了解中国紫金牛属(Ardisia)植物的系统发育关系,基于42个形态学性状,运用分支分析方法对中国广义报春花科(Primulaceae s.l.)紫金牛属90个分类群的系统发育关系进行了分析。采用最简约性分析得到了100个同等简约树。50%多数规则一致树的分支结构与以前建立的紫金牛亚属划分系统基本一致。外类群酸藤子属(Embelia)、铁仔属(Myrsine)、密花树属(Rapanea)聚在分支树的最基部,紫金牛属为一单系类群。形态分支树的一致性指数和保持性指数和各分支内部支持率均较低,只在种与变种或亚种之间获得较高的支持率。腋序亚属(subg.Akosmos)、短序亚属(subg.Pimelandra)、顶序亚属(subg.Acrardisia)、高木亚属(subg.Tinus)处于分支树较为基部的位置,在紫金牛属中较为原始;圆齿亚属(subg.Crispardisia)和锯齿亚属(subg.Bladhia)共同组成一大支,二者亲缘关系紧密,为该属中最为进化的类群。这些结果对紫金牛属的分类修订提供了依据。

Ninety taxa of the genus Ardisia （Primulaceae s.1.） characters. One hundred equally most parsimonious trees was cladistically analyzed based on 42 morphological were generated from parsimonious analysis. Fifty percent majority rule consensus tree of those trees is basically consistent with the tribal classifications of Walker and Chen. However, the Consistency Index, Retention Index and the bootstrap values are all very low except the bootstrap values between species and varieties or species and subspecies. The out-group members of genus Embelia, Myrsine, Rapanea are all clustered into a most basal clade, genus Ardisia is a monophyletic group. The subgenus Tinus, Akosmos, Pimelandra and Acrardisia are in the basal clades of Ardisia, and they are the relatively primitive taxa in Ardisia. The subgenus Crispardisia and Bladhia compose a big clade. They are very close related groups in phylogeny and the evolutionary taxa in Ardisia. In order to provide the basis for taxonomic revision, the ohvlo^enetic relationshio within the genus was discussed.