分层三阶段抽样样本大小的研究及应用

The Method to Estimate the Sample Sizes for Stratified Three-Stage Sampling and its Application

目的 为调查设计中常用的分层三阶段随机抽样方法寻求其样本大小估计公式。方法 利用微积分学中求极小值的方法。结果 当采用分层三阶段随机抽样作参数估计时 ,在限定抽样误差的大小使调查花费达到最小及限定调查花费的大小使抽样误差达到最小两种情况下 ,推导出其最优样本大小的计算公式。结论 推导出分层三阶段随机抽样样本大小的估计公式 ,在中国铁路职工医疗费用的抽样调查中取得了成功的应用效果。

Objective To deduce the formulate of the sample sizes for stratified three-stage sampling.Methods Method of deducing minimum value in differential and integral calculus was applied.Results The authors deduced the formulate of the optimum sample sizes to minimize the costs of taking the samples for specified values of the sampling errors and to minimize the sampling errors for specified costs for stratified three-stage sampling.Conclusion The optimum sample sizes were deduced for stratified three-stage sampling,the formulate were employed successfully in survey study of China Railway's staff about treatment cost.