杨晦文艺学研究的学术成就与历史贡献

The Academic Achievements and Historical Contributions of Yang Hui in the Studies of Literary Theory

作为一个与时代同步的世纪学人,杨晦不仅见证了20世纪中国社会变迁的历史进程,同时还见证并参与了中国现代学术产生发展的各个环节。在六十多年的学术生涯中,杨晦将创作、翻译、批评、文论、哲学、历史融为一炉,中西汇通,博观约取,自铸伟词,显示了老一辈文艺理论家的学术襟怀与思想风范。20世纪二三十年代,杨晦与冯至等人共同创办"沉钟社",通过话剧创作、外国文学译介等形式参与了中国新文学的建设。40年代,杨晦自觉运用马克思主义理论,以"文艺社会"的辩证关系作为理论地基,对古今中外的作家作品展开了精辟深入的读解评骘,显示了一个现实主义批评家执著的理性批判精神。在文艺基础理论建设方面,提出了文艺"公转""自转"说、"农民派"、"农民文艺"等理论范畴。50年代,杨晦致力于中国文艺思想史学科的建设,在元曲研究方面用功颇勤,提出了不少真知灼见。杨晦晚年专情于培植学术后进,当今诸多学术名流均为其门墙,为中国当代学术人才梯队的建设作出了重大贡献。

Yang Hui not only witnessed the historical process of social change in twentieth-century China,but he also witnessed and participated in important movements of modern Chinese academics.In his academic career of more than six decades,Yang integrated creation,translation,critique,literary theory,philosophy,and history,stud- ying both Chinese and Western academic thought.He also created great works in his own right,indicating a broad mind and thinking style of the literary theorist of the older generation.During the 1920sand 1930s,Yang founded the'Society of the Sunken Bell'together with Feng Zhi and others,taking part in the construction of new Chinese literature in the forms of drama creation and translation of foreign literature.In the 1940s,Yang consciously applied the Marxist theory,engaging in incisive interpretation and criticism of writers and works of all times and in all countries on the basis of the dialectic relationship between literature-art and society,displa- ying the rational-critical spirit of a persistent realistic critic.On the construction of literary theory,Yang intro- duced the theoretical categories such as the'revolution'and'rotation'of literature and art,the'peasant school'and'peasant literature and art'.In the 1950s,Yang devoted himself to constructing the discipline of i- deological history of Chinese literature and art,as well as to the studies of Yuan poetry,with much success.In his later years,Yang focused on cultivating the new generation of literary critics and creators,and many of todays top academics were his disciples.He made a significant contribution to the construction of academic teams in current China.