家族集体行动的逻辑——以村民选举参与为主要分析语境

The Logic of Collective Family Action: Taking the Villager Election as the Principal Context

家族作为一个传统性组织能否在现代语境下组织起集体行动来,这是一个有待探讨的问题。内向的家族利益结构、血缘式的社会资本以及乡村空间的萎缩,在客观上为家族利益的聚合创造了有利的社会环境。在此环境中,家族可以按照自身的逻辑组织起传统语境下的集体行动,行动中也有类似于奥尔森意义上集体行动的动员机制、约束机制以及激励机制。不同的地方在于,家族式的集体行动会对亲情、"面子"等地方性因素表现出更多的依赖。但随着农村社会市场化进程的推进,利益因素在发挥着愈来愈重要的作用。从这个意义上讲,家族组织的集体行动也会逐步趋近但未必等同于奥尔森式的集体行动。

Whether the rural family as a unit can still organize collective action under the modern context is a question in need of much investigation.The inward-looking interests structure of the family,the importance of blood rela- tions in social dynamics,and the shrinkage of rural space have come together to create an environment conducive to the family units collectivizing and aggregating.In such an environment,the family can perform collectively in the traditional context according to its own logic,where mobilization mechanisms,restraint mechanisms,and in- centive mechanisms,(based on Olsens theory)exist.Collective family action shows more dependence on local factors such as family affection and'face'.But with the process of marketization in rural society,personal and family gain have been playing a more and more important role.In this sense,the collective action led by family organization will gradually approach,but will not be identical to Olsens'collective action'.