政府R&D资助效果、影响因素与资助对象选择——基于促进企业R&D投入的视角被引量：89

Research on the Effects of Public R&D Subsidies,Influencing Factors and Choices of Objects

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摘要随着工业化进程的推进,一国研发模式和R&D主体结构会发生转变。这一规律背后的一个关键因素是政府引导和资助。本文利用中国大中型工业企业省际面板数据,从促进企业R&D投入的视角,分析政府R&D资助效果及影响因素,并分析政府R&D资助对象选择对资助效果的影响。研究发现,中国政府R&D资助效果受到工业化阶段和资助对象选择的显著影响。政府对企业R&D资助对企业自身R&D投入存在杠杆效应,且这一杠杆效应随着工业化阶段的发展而不断增强;政府对科研机构的R&D经费资助对企业R&D投入有挤出效应,政府对高等院校的R&D资助对企业R&D投入有杠杆效应。总体而言,按照目前政府R&D资助对象结构,政府R&D资助效果仍表现为杠杆效应,但这一效果由于政府偏好资助科研机构而大幅减弱;中国政府对企业直接资助率约为4.6%,处于较低水平,未能有效发挥政府R&D资助效果;金融约束和资金可得性是影响企业R&D投入的重要因素。最后,本文围绕政府R&D资助规模、资助结构、科技金融等方面给出政策建议。 With development of industrialization, the mode of R＆D and structure of R＆D spending will change, during that progress the role of government is very imp ortant. With panel data and TSLS and from the respective of increasing R＆D investment of enterprises, the paper studies the effects of public R＆D subsidies and its influencing factors, and the paper also studies the influence of R＆D subsidies objects choices on the effects of public R＆D subsidies. The results show that the effects of public R＆D investment are influenced by stages of industrialization and the choices of public R＆D subsidies objects. The effect of public R＆D investment in enterprises on R＆D investment from enterprises is strongly positive, and the effect becomes stronger and stronger with the enhancement of industrialization. Public R＆D investment in research institutions has a negative impact on corporate R＆D investment, however, the impact of public R＆D investment in universities on firm R＆D investment is positive. As a whole, the effect of public R＆D subsidies in China on R＆D investment of enterprises is positive, however, the effect fades because of governments＇ preference to research institutions. The rate of government subsidy is about 4.6%, which is very low. Availability of funds has significandy positive impacts. Finally, the paper presents some related explanations and relevant policy recommendations.

作者廖信林顾炜宇王立勇

机构地区安徽财经大学宏观经济研究中心中央财经大学经济学院

出处《中国工业经济》 CSSCI 北大核心 2013年第11期148-160,共13页 China Industrial Economics

基金国家自然科学基金项目"财政政策非线性作用调整机制研究与政策目标非线性关联下政策模拟"(批准号71103209) 北京市哲学社会科学规划重点项目"北京市财政收支不确定性与财政脆弱性研究"(批准号13JDGA028) 中央财经大学科研创新团队支持计划"财政政策收入差距与经济增长:非线性机制研究"和"科技金融机制研究:基于传统产业与战略性新兴产业耦合互动的视角"

关键词政府R&D 企业R&D 资助效果资助对象 public R＆D private R＆D effect of subsidies subsidy objects

分类号 F426 [经济管理—产业经济]

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