作为“备用机制”的儒家权利被引量：8

Rights in Confucianism as a Fallback Apparatus

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摘要儒家权利可称为是一种"备用机制"(fallback apparatus),诉诸权利仅当其他首选机制,如家族与邻里的关怀或对传统礼俗的依赖等,不能有效维护人们的基本利益时才是必要的。儒家权利的存在取决于其补救功能,其需要补救的是儒家和谐社会关系及相应美德中出现的危机、过失。但儒家的补救并不完全是基于权利之上的,古典儒家不认为人民可以代表自己提出主张,也不认为民众可以直接推翻昏庸的暴君,有抵抗权的主要是汤、武等第一级的贵族。对于儒家国家来讲,从制度上认可人民的权利主张可能是获得社会和谐最有效的手段。 Rights in Confucianism could be regarded a kind of fallback apparatus. It is necessary to appeal to rights only when other prior mechanisms, such as the care among family or neighborhood and the reliance on traditional rituals, are not valid in maintaining the basic interests of human. The existence of rights in Confucianism is depended on their function of remediation, which are needful remedies to the crisis and defects presented in Confucian social relationship and relevant virtues. These Confucian remedies are not based on rights completely. Ancient Confucians do not believe that people could claim their demands by themselves and are not permitted to overthrow the stupid tyrants directly-the right of resistance mainly belongs to first class aristocracy like Tang and Wu. The most effective means to achieve the harmony of society may be to confirm rights of people on institutional level in a Confucian state.

作者田史丹梁涛匡钊

机构地区旧金山州立大学哲学系中国人民大学国学院 <中国社会科学>杂志社

出处《学术月刊》 CSSCI 北大核心 2013年第11期41-49,共9页 Academic Monthly

关键词儒家权利备用机制补救 Confucianism, rights, fallback apparatus, remediation

分类号 B2 [哲学宗教—中国哲学]

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参考文献15

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