试论福建科举的历史特点

On the Historical Characteristics of Fujian in the Imperial Examination of China

福建的科举活动自中唐以后才开始活跃,直至清光绪三十一年(1905年)科举制度终结的千余年时间里,闽中的学子们不断在科场上取得了优异的成绩,创造了不少科举奇迹,呈现出科第繁荣的景象,科名处在全国领先的地位。综观福建科举,主要有四个比较显著的特点:基本保持科举大省的地位;科名的地理分布呈东南沿海强西北山区弱之势;出现了大量科第世家;台湾科举崭露头角。

Fujian began to play an important role in the Imperial Examination in China since the mid - Tang dynasty, which was abolished in 1905. During the thousand of years, candidates in Fujian had made great progress and created many miracles in this examination. The achievements indicate the influence of Im- perial Examination on Fujian, which also made Fujian rank top among all the provinces in history. Viewing from the history of Imperial Examination in Fujian, generally speaking, there are four spectacular points just as follows： Fujian had enjoyed its honor in this examination; the achievements got by candidates in the Southeast Fujian were obviously more than those in the Northeast mountain area; there were many families of pedigree famous for their achievements in taking this examination; and Taiwan candidates had shown their talents too.