20世纪30年代国共两党文艺意识形态争战及胜败原因

Analysis on the Battle of Literary Discourse and the Cause for Success or Failure of Ideology between Kuomintang and Communist Party of China in 1930s

20世纪30年代,国共两党在文艺领域进行了一场意识形态大决战,双方在文艺政策、文艺组织、文艺战术等方面进行了全面的精神较量。中共善于捕捉政治时机,把握大的方向和原则,在文艺政策、文艺组织、文艺战术等方面主动出击;国民党在文艺政策、文艺组织、文艺战术等各个方面被动应对,疲于应付。执政的国民党败得一塌糊涂,在野的共产党取得全面胜利。共产党的取胜之道在于其重视意识形态领导权,政策先进、组织严密、战术灵活,且其成员工作尽心竭力。国民党的失败则有多种因素:意识形态当改未改,精神维稳缺乏根基;国府公职人员不学无术,人浮于事,共产学说有禁不止;政客、文阀、学阀把持官方文坛,难以产生具有说服力的思想,难以和左翼理论界抗衡。

In 1930s, Kuomintang and the Communist Party had a decisive battle of ideology in literary field, they conducted full spiritual contest in many respects. The CPC were good at catching the best political time, and grasping the whole directions and principles, they took the initiative in the area of literature policies, literature organizations, literature tactics etc. , KMT were passive these facts and struggled to cope. So the governing Kuomintang party failed completely, and the CPC opposition prevailed. The reason for Communist victories was that the CPC puting a high value on the hegemony of ideology, and they had the most advanced policies, the tight organization, the adroit tactics, and their members worked as hard as they could. There were plenty of reasons for the failure of Kuomintang, such as its ideology could not keeping pace with the times, and lacking of solid foundation of Maintaining society stability, their civil servants were ignoramuses and overstaffed, so that the prohibitions of the communist theory did not carry out. Politician and scholar-tyrants controlled the official literary arena, persuasive ideas were more difficult to produce, so KMT＇ s literary theory could hardly vied with the CPC＇ s.