拓展历史认知语言学研究新视野的工具——美语历史语料库(COHA)的应用

Tools for Expanding the Horizon of Historical Cognitive Linguistics——Application of Corpus of Historical American English

近20年来多年来,200多年前开创的历史语言学和现代认知语言学逐渐开始融合诞生了历史认知语言学。认知语言学有"基于用法的模式"来研究语言事实背后的理据性的传统,这使历史认知语言学就有与语料库语言学结合的天然优势来观察相关语言现象和语言结构的历史变化过程、追寻其历史变化事实背后的内在规律。文章以具体的实例分别详细说明了COHA在对美语词汇、形态、句法、语义到文化方面的作用,这些实例说明COHA极大地拓展了历史认知语言学研究的新视野,也为历史认知语言学研究提供了强有力的工具保证。

In the recent over 20 years, the Historical Cognitive Linguistics is gradually developing by blending Historical Linguistics, which has more than 200 years history, with Modern Cognitive Linguistics. Cognitive Linguistics has the tradition using the “usagebased model” to study the motivation in the linguistic facts, which makes Historical Cognitive Linguistics have the natural advantage of blending with Corpus Linguistic to observe related language phenomena and the historical change process of linguistic structures, and to search for the law of diachronic change of linguistic facts. This paper specifies the functions of COHA in studying American words, morphology, syntax, semantic and culture, etc, which illustrates the COHA expanding the horizon of Historical Cognitive Linguistics, and COHA also provides a powerful tool for Historical Cognitive Linguistic research. 