子痫前期发病机制的研究进展

Placental Factors Related to Preeclampsia

子痫前期(PE)是孕产妇死亡的主要原因之一,发病机制尚不明确,胎盘滋养层细胞发育障碍是其主要病因。妊娠过程中,胎盘功能不足可导致母胎界面氧化应激增高,促使胎盘过度分泌多种可溶性分子进入母体循环,诱导母体产生PE症状。胎盘合成的多种激素和因子,如血管生成因子及抗血管生成因子、2-甲氧雌二醇、心房利尿钠肽、激活素A和抑制素A,可部分反映PE胎盘的发育缺陷。近年研究发现,miRNAs和遗传因素与子痫前期发病相关。

Preeclampsia （PE） is one of the main causes for the death of pregnant women. The developmental disorders of placental trophoblastic cells are related to the pathogenesis of PE. The malfunction of placenta may result in a high oxidative stress at the feto-maternal interface,which stimulates the excessive production of various factors from placenta. Those soluble placental factors are released into maternal circulation ,eventually leading to the maternal symptoms of PE. Those hormones and molecules secreted by placenta, such as VEGF and anti-VEGF, methoxyestradiol, atrial natriuretic peptide, activin A and inhibin A, could partly reflect the developmental disorders of placenta. miRNAs and genetics were also found to be related to the pathogenesis of PE.