辅助生殖技术中基因印迹分析

Analysis of Gene Impriting during Assisted Reproductive Technology

人类辅助生殖临床数据已经显示,辅助生殖技术(ART)与自发流产、早产和围生期死亡、低体质量儿以及一些印迹疾病有关。在配子及胚胎早期发育过程中,基因印迹需经历印迹擦除、重建和维持过程,其中任何一个环节出错都可能导致胚胎发育缺陷,甚至死亡。ART恰施于这一表观遗传重编程的关键时期。因此,这些异常结局可能与ART导致的印迹基因的异常表达有关。而ART中主要的治疗手段有促排卵、体外受精、胞浆内单精子注射(ICSI)和体外培养。这些操作通过干扰基因印迹的重建和维持,影响基因表达和表型,进而影响配子和早期胚胎的发育,从而影响子代的生长发育潜能。

Clinical data of human assisted reproduction have shown that the assisted reproductive technology （ART） is associated with spontaneous abortion,premature birth , perinatal death and low birth weight children,as well as some diseases related to imprinting genes. During gamete and pre-implantation embryo development, any mistakes of genomic imprinting, including erasure, re -establishment and maintenance, would lead defects of embryonic development, even embryonic death. ART manipulation is just in the process of imprinting genes. So, those abnormal outcomes of ART could be related with abnormal expression of imprinted genes. The main manipulation of ART, including ovulation induction, in vitro fertilization （IVF）, intracytoplasmic spern injection （ICSI）, cell biopsy for PGD, and in vitro culture, could influence the gene expression and phenotype, thus affect the growth and development potential of offspring by disturbing the reconstruction and maintenance of genomic imprinting.