日本旅行社的“兼业”现象及其原因分析

An Analysis of the Establishment and Its Causes of Multiple Industry Operation in Japan's Travel Agency

与我国的旅行社相比,日本的旅行社具有许多鲜明的特点,如经营规范、专业化程度不高及兼业现象普遍等。究其原因,主要在于经营旅行社的主体广泛繁杂、创办旅行社的资质要求相对较低。由于竞争激烈,旅行社的利润收入偏低,许多旅行社不得不靠兼营其他业务来维持运营。通过对日本旅行社的类别、经营规模和经营范围等的分析,探讨了它兼业现象普遍、专业化程度不高的根源。

Compared with China＇ s travel agency establishment, Japan＇ s has many different and distinctive features, such as its relatively standardized management, the generally multiple industry operation and the lower degree of specialized operation. The most typical feature is the generally multiple industry operation. The main reasons are the extensive and complex subjects running the travel agencies, and the relatively low qualification requirements. So that many travel agencies have to diversify into other businesses to maintain its operations. In this paper, the author analyzed the roots which had led to the multiple industry operation in Japan＇s travel agency establishment from the following three aspects ： the variety of Japan＇ s travel establishment, the scale of operation and the scope of businesses.