宁南山区坝库功能转换体系构建研究

Study on Building of Function Conversion System from Silt Dam to Reservoir in the Mountainous Area of Southern Ningxia

宁南山区水土流失严重,生态环境脆弱、敏感。为了保持水土、减小水土流失危害,建设了大量的淤地坝。随着气候及下垫面条件的变化,淤地坝淤积速率降低,设计标准内的洪水总量减小。通过构建包含降水预报、水沙模拟、水资源配置及调度的宁南山区坝库功能转换理论与技术体系,促进淤地坝向小水库的功能转换,使得淤地坝工程兼具拦泥供水多重功能,实现坝系水资源化。以宁夏好水川流域为例,计算了典型工程坝库功能转换后的兴利库容,从而提高水资源及工程的利用率。

In the mountainous area of southern Ningxia,water and soil erosion is serious. Meanwhile,the ecological environment is frail and sensi-tive. In order to reduce the harm of erosion,lots of silt dams have been built in the area. With the change of global climate and underlying surface condition,the deposition speed is reduced and the flood volume in the dams decreased. The conversion system from silt dam to reservoir included rainfall prediction,surface runoff and sediment modeling,allocation and dispatch of water resources,right distribution and management was built. After the function conversion from dam to reservoir,the dam will have multiple functions,such as sediment trap,water supply and so on. Then the water resources utilization in dam system will be achieved,which can explore new development to the silt dams in the southern Ningxia. In the the-sis,the typical projects in the Haoshuichuan watershed were used as an example to calculate the utilizable capacity through the function conversion. And thus the use ratio of the water resources and projects were increased widely.