护理模式与医学模式的比较研究

Comparison on nursing model and medical model

[目的]探讨现在的护理模式是否体现了护理的特色和价值,为护理模式的完善提供参考依据。[方法]应用文献资料法、历史法和比较研究法,从历史的角度将不同阶段的护理模式与医学模式进行比较。[结果]两者构建发展的出发点和终结点、包含内容形式、影响其形成及实践的宏观因素相同,在模式形成时间、产生的背景、产生及转变的动因、模式实践程度、意义和影响方面不同。[结论]护理模式体现了护理的特色,但未充分显现其价值,可借鉴美国的护理发展模式探索出适合我国国情的护理发展之路。

Objective：To probe into that whether the present nursing model reflected the nursing characteristics and value or not,and so as to provide references for improvement of nursing model.Methods：The different stages of nursing models and medical models were compared from a historical perspective by using literature method,historical method and comparison method.Results：Both the starting point and ending points of building development,including the content and form,the macro factors affecting its formation and practice were same between them,and there was difference in the model formation time,the background,motivation of model generation and changing,practice level,significance and impact of model.Conclusion：Nursing model embodied the nursing characteristics,but did not fully showed its value,we can learn from the American nursing development model to explore a nursing development path to suit China＇s national conditions.