韩国跨国婚姻发展趋势——配偶差异、婚姻稳定度及生育率研究

Recent Trend in Cross-National Marriage in South Korea:A Focus on Spousal Dissimilarity,Marital Stability and Fertility

本研究回顾了近年来韩国境内跨国结婚及离婚的发展趋势,并探究了这些结婚及离婚夫妻的社会人口统计学模式。具体运用了近期的微观调查研究结果以及结婚离婚注册在户的资料,检视了跨国婚姻中配偶之间的差异对于一段婚姻关系稳定程度的影响。此外,外籍配偶的生育率亦为本文关注的焦点。研究结果显示跨国夫妇在年龄和受教育程度上都存在着显著的差异。正如国际开放性假说所指,从社会人口统计学角度来看,韩国社会对韩国男性寻找外籍配偶持更开放和灵活的态度。现行假说认为跨国配偶的差异性将增加婚姻解体的风险以及缩短婚姻的寿命,但这样的假设似乎并不适用于韩国的跨国婚姻。研究同样发现外籍妻子的生育率相对韩国妻子较低。

This study has reviewed the recent trend in cross -national marriage and divorce in South Korean and explored the socio -demographic patterns of these married and divorced couples. In this study, microscopic investigation of the recent findings in the household as well as marriage and divorce registration documents has been conducted, and the impact of the difference from the transnational marriages on the marital stability has been viewed. In addition, the fertility of the foreign spouses is also a focus of the present article. The results show that there are significant differences in these cross -national couples in age and educational level. Just as the international openness hypothesis points out, from the socio - demographic point of view, men in South Korea tend to hold a more open and flexible attitude in seeking spouses. The current hypothesis holds that the differ- ences in cross - national marriage will enhance the risk of divorce and shorten the life span of marriage. Howev- er, this assumption does not seem suitable to interpret cross -national marriages in South Korea. That apart, the study points out that compared with the local wives, the fertility of the foreign wives is lower.