建立在批判社会现实上的道德史观——卡莱尔英雄史观论(下)

Heroic and Moral Concept of History on the Basis of Criticism of Reality:On Thomas Carlyr's Heroic Concept of History(Ⅱ)

卡莱尔的英雄道德史观是通过宗教形式而通往道德核心的历史观。英雄道德史观来自于他对英国工业革命以来现实社会生活的体验、观察的社会批判上,因而有着鲜明时代特征;而思想基础来自两个方面,一是对十九世纪英国主流思想理性主义和功利主义的批判,一是对德国浪漫主义思潮尤其是费希特思想的欣赏与回应。

The heroic and moral concept of history by Carlyr is the core moral concept of history in the form of religion. His heroic and moral concept results from his experience in the real social life and observation of so- cial criticism since the Industrial Revolution in the United Kingdom. Therefore, it is characterized by striking so- cial phenomena. Ideologically, his historic concept started first from his criticism of the dominant schools of ra- tionalism and utilitarianism in Britain in the 19th century, and second from his appreciation of and echo to the romanticism in Germany, especially that of Johann Gottlied Fichti.