国际河流洪水灾害防治的法律制度构建

On the Construction of the Legal System for Preventing the Flood Disaster of the International Rivers

国际河流洪水灾害的频繁发生给相关流域国造成了严重的损害,甚至引起流域国关系紧张和纠纷。分析国际河流洪水灾害的人为原因,在结合相关法律文件的基础上,以预防原则、公平合理原则、受益补偿原则、国际合作等原则为前提,提出构建国际河流洪水灾害防治的信息交流制度、利益补偿制度、应急制度、联合管理制度等,并结合中国防治国际河流洪水灾害的法律实践以及存在问题,提出相应的措施建议。

The frequent flood disaster of the international rivers causes not only serious losses to the basin countries but also intense relations and conflicts among them. The paper analyzes the natural and human causes of such disaster, and adopts the principles of prevention, justice, compensation and international cooperation according to the relevant laws for the establishment of the information exchange system, the interest-compensation system, the emergency system, the special management committee and so on. With a further analysis of the anti-flood experience and problems in China, the paper finally brings up some suggestions.