高粱401-1体细胞突变体遗传研究

Studies on the Genetics of Mutation of Body Cell in Sorghum

以高粱纯系４０１－１为材料，通过幼胚培养，由小盾片细胞产生的再生植株后代出现株形矮小、叶形窄短的突变体［１］。到１９９７年该突变体经过１５个世代性状是稳定遗传的。突变体与４０１－１杂交，根据Ｐ１， Ｐ２， Ｆ１， Ｆ２， Ｆ３世代群体株高、叶形变异的分析，证明突变体是由两对核基因发生的隐性突变所引起的。一对基因是控制株高的；一对基因是控制各器官形状变小的微型化基因（该基因也起到降低株高的作用），并且两对基因符合独立遗传规律。

Miniature mutants appeared in the generations of the regenerated plants were obtained in the scutellum cell of the sorghum pure Line 401-1 through immature embryo culture. By 1997, they had been sexully produced for 15 generations. It was showed that the variation was stably inheritanced in plant height and phylliform and that mutants were induced by recessiveness saltation of two nuclear genes through analyses of plant height and phylliform's variation about P1, P2, F1, F2, F3 between mutants and 401-1. One is plant height gene; the other is microfyig gene that makes plant organs become smaller (that makes plant height become shorter, too), and two genes are in accordence with standalone heredity disciplinarian.