抗生素抗性基因在废(污)水处理系统的来源、传播扩散、归趋以及污染控制研究进展

Sources,dissemination,fate and pollution control of antibiotic resistance genes in wastewater( sewage) treatment system

人类在生活生产中大量使用抗生素,使抗生素抗性菌(Antibiotic resistance bacteria,ARB)和抗性基因(Antibiotic resistance genes,ARGs)日益在环境中被检出.含有这些污染物的污水被污水处理系统(Wastewater treatment plants,WWTPs)所接纳,抗性细菌在处理系统内得以大量增殖,使得污水处理系统成为抗性细菌和抗性基因的重要储存库.由于污水处理系统对ARB和ARGs的处理效果并不理想,抗性基因随出水排放至纳污水体,会造成环境中抗性基因污染.本文总结并分析了抗生素抗性基因在污水处理系统中的来源、传播扩散途径、归趋以及污染控制的最新研究进展,提出了现存问题以及今后工作的重点,以期为ARGs的污染控制及消减提供可行性参考.

With wide use of antibiotics in human life and pharmaceutical production, more and more antibiotic resistant bacteria （ARB） and antibiotic resistance genes （ARGs） have been detected in the environment. The sewage containing these contaminants is received by the wastewater treatment plants （WWTPs） and ARB are largely proliferated in the treatment system, which makes WWTPs an important potential reservoir for the dissemination of ARGs. The resistance genes will be discharged into the receiving water with the effluent and cause contamination, as the effect of sewage treatment system on the ABR and ARG is not ideal. This article summarizes the research progress on the sources, dissemination, fate and pollution control of antibiotic resistance genes in wastewater treatment system, proposes the existing problems, and the focus of future work. It is hoped to provide feasible reference for the control and elimination of ARGs in the environment.