社区城市化水平对居民收入增长的影响——基于1989～2009年微观数据的实证分析

The Impact of China's Urbanization on Income:an Empirical Analysis

文章利用中国健康与营养调查问卷（CHNS1989～2009）的长期微观数据，引入城市化水平的综合衡量指标，从微观实证的角度考察我国社区城市化水平和进程对城乡居民收入的影响。文章研究发现，社区城市化水平的提高可以显著地增加居民收入，平均来说，社区城市化水平提高10％会导致居民收入增长7％。随着社区城市化水平的提高，城市化进程对居民收入的短期增长效应会有所减弱。当前我国社区城市化水平与居民收入之间主要呈现出显著的二次曲线关系，还不属于严格意义上的倒U型。这些经验发现为政策制定者进一步统筹规划我国的城市化建设、逐步实现居民收入增长目标提供了理论与政策依据。

Using community and individual - level longitudinal data from the China Health and Nutrition Survey 1989 -2009, we examine the impact of China＇s urbanization on individual income. In accordance with estab- lished practice, we use a multi - component index to measure urbanicity on a continuum in China, and then de- fine urbanization in different ways. It is found that community urbanicity has a significant positive effect on indi- vidual income, and the positive effect operates in a concave manner. On the average, a 10 percent increase in the community urbanicity increases individuals＇ income by 7 percent. In the short run, although the rapid ur- banization may improve individual income, the positive income effect of urbanization may decrease with the ini- tial level of the community＇s urbanicity. These empirical findings have important policy implication for China＇s new people -oriented urbanization.