中国各地区实际收入差距及其效率相容水平的分布研究

Study on the Regional Distribution of Actual Extent and Efficiency Compatibility Value of the Income Gap in China

一个国家或地区在某一发展阶段总有一个与该阶段经济效率相容的收入差距水平，实际收入差距对效率相容收入差距任何方向的偏离都会降低经济效率，进而抑制经济增长。文章通过测算1995—2011年中国27个地区居民收入差距的实际值，并建立效率相容收入差距计量模型，测算了相应地区的效率相容值。通过对各地区收入差距实际值和效率相容值的分布特征进行比较，发现实际收入差距具有“由东向西梯状上升”的地区分布特征，实际收入差距增幅具有“由东向西梯状下降”的地区分布特征，而实际收入差距与效率相容收入差距的比值则具有“东西低中部高”的地区分布特征。文章对各地区收入差距上述分布特征给出经济解释．并提出了推进中国各地区收入分配改革的政链建议。

The income gap has an efficiency compatibility value at every stage of development, The actual value which is consistent with the compatibility value can promote economic efficiency, but it can also obstruct effi- ciency. This paper models compatibility value of income gap and estimates China＇s 27 provinces＇ actual and compatibility gap value since 1995. By comparing the character of the distribution, the author finds that the ac- tual and compatibility income gap ladder rises from east to west, but the growth rate of the actual gap ladder is declining, and the ratio of both values is low in eastern and west region, while high in central area. According to the above conclusions, policy advice tailored to local condition is put forward to deepen reform of the income gap.