石家庄地区春季早熟马铃薯高产高效栽培技术

Potato Cultivation Techniques for High Yield and Efficiency in Shijiazhuang

石家庄地区是典型的二季作区，这里的耕地面积多为平原，相对自然条件较好，春季化冻较早，3月1日～6月20日气候凉爽昼夜温差大，非常适合早熟马铃薯的生产。而6月20日～9月1日温度高且昼夜温差小，不再适宜马铃薯的生长，因此这里种植马铃薯必须掌握关键种植技术才能高产高效。但是当地农民因为对早熟马铃薯关键技术缺乏了解，经常在种植技术上出现很多失误，造成高投入低产出现象时有发生，严重制约了马铃薯生产的发展。为此根据石家庄地区气候特点，通过多年实践从操作时间及关键技术上把播前准备、种薯处理、科学播种、田间管理、病虫害防治、收获储存六方面进行了总结，从而提出了适宜石家庄地区采用的高产高效栽培技术，使当地的马铃薯种植面积逐年增加，经济效益得到显著提高。

Shijiazhuang is a typical double cropping region, and most of the arable lands are plains with relatively good natural conditions. The spring comes earlier and in the period of March 1 to June 20, climate is cool with large temperature difference between day and night, suitable for the production of early potatoes. However, from June 20 to September 1, the temperature is high with small temperature difference between day and night, being no longer suitable for the growth of potato. Therefore, in this area, farmers have to master the key agronomic measures in order to get high yield and high efficiency. At present, local farmers are lack of the key technologies in early potato production, and make mistakes frequently in cultivation, causing high input and low output, and limiting the progress in potato production. Therefore, based on climate patterns in Shijiazhuang and experiences in early potato production, planting time, seed treatment, planting, field management, pest and disease control, and harvest and storage are summed up in terms of operation time and key techniques. High production and high efficiency cultivation techniques suitable for potato production in Shijiazhuang are put forward in order to expand the planting acreage and increase economic benefit.