马铃薯生产的氮肥管理策略

Nitrogen Management Strategies for Potato Production

氮是影响马铃薯产量和品质的重要因素,多年来中国马铃薯生产过程中氮肥管理始终缺乏科学的指导,导致许多优质马铃薯品种的产量优势和品质优势难以得到充分的发挥。通过合理施用氮肥,协调马铃薯茎叶生长与块茎生长,促进块茎的形成和膨大,减少氮肥损失,提高氮肥利用率,是马铃薯氮肥管策略的重要内容,同时也是农业可持续发展的重要保障。针对氮肥施用量和施用时期对马铃薯生长与块茎产量的影响及马铃薯氮素营养诊断措施,综述国内外马铃薯氮肥管理的研究结果,以期为中国马铃薯养分管理提供研究思路,同时也为马铃薯生产的氮肥施用策略提供参考。

Nitrogen （N） is a key factor for the quality and quantity of potato production. Many potato varieties do not realize their yield and quality potential in China for the absence of introduction of nitrogen management in potato. How to coordinate the development of vine and tuber, promote the formation and bulking of tuber as well as improve the nitrogen use efficiency （NUE） are the main tasks of N management of potato, which could guarantee the agriculture sustainable development in China. Some research results of N application rate and application time on potato both at home and abroad were summarized in the hope of providing some references for scientific research on N management of potato and some guidances for potato production in China.