晋西北矿区、非矿区不同植被下土壤水分特征

Change of Soil Moisture Content under Different Plant Species in Mining and Non-mining Areas in Northwest Shanxi Province

晋西北地区是黄土高原及北方农牧交错带的重要组成部分,一方面,短缺的水资源本身难以保证矿业开发的大规模用水需求;另一方面,部分地区的含水层又因地下开采而遭受严重破损和污染,两者矛盾十分尖锐。为确定晋西北地区土壤干层深度,了解不同植被土壤的水分差异,评价采矿对土壤水分含量的影响,对矿区、非矿区3种植物种类0~600 cm土壤深度的水分含量变化进行研究。结果表明,矿区、非矿区土壤含水量为：柠条〉小叶杨〉沙棘;土壤干层深度为：小叶杨〉沙棘〉柠条;不同采样地点的平均土壤含水量为：矿区〈非矿区;土壤含水量与采样地点、土壤深度呈极显著正相关（P〈0.01）,与植物种类呈极显著负相关（P〈0.01）。

Northwest Shanxi Province is an important part of the Loess Plateau and the farming-pasturing ecotone.On the one hand,it is difficult to guarantee the massive water consumption for mining development due to the serious shortage of water resources,and on the other hand,the aquifers have been seriously damaged and polluted by underground mining,so there is a sharp contradiction between shortage of water resources and massive water consumption. The change of soil moisture content in soil layer of 0- 600 cm under 3 different plant species in mining and non-mining areas in northwest Shanxi Province was researched so as to ascertain the depth of soil desiccation,difference of soil moisture content under different plant species and the effect of mining on soil moisture content.The results revealed that the soil moisture content under the 3 plant species in mining and non-mining areas was in an order of Caragana korshinskii ＆gt; Populus simonii ＆gt; Hippophae rhamnoides,the depth of soil desiccation was in an order of P. simonii ＆gt; H. rhamnoides ＆gt; C. korshinskii,and the average soil moisture content was in an order of mining area ＆lt; non-mining area. There was a significant positive correlation between soil moisture content and sampling sites and soil depth（ P ＆lt; 0. 01）,but a significant negative one between soil moisture content and plant species（ P ＆lt; 0. 01）.