三江并流区暗棕壤酶活性特征研究

Studies on Enzyme Activities Characteristics of Dark-brown Soil in the Three Parallel Rivers Area

采用野外调查与室内分析结合的方法,研究了三江并流区典型暗棕壤剖面5种酶活性特征,以期为进一步了解三江并流区生态系统中土壤质量特征、保护和合理开发利用土壤资源提供科学依据.结果表明：土壤5种酶活性随土壤深度的变化具有一定的规律性,除多酚氧化酶外,其余4种土壤酶随土壤深度的增加而逐渐降低.不同地区土壤酶活性差异显著（P＜0.05）,土壤蔗糖酶活性为0.26 ～ 12.17 mg/g;土壤脲酶活性为0.052 ～0.93 mg/g;过氧化氢酶活性为0.199～2.156 mL/g;土壤酸性磷酸酶活性为0.11～1.264 mg/g;土壤多酚氧化酶活性为0.081 ～0.553 mg/g.土壤酶活性土壤有机质、速效钾、碱解氮与脲酶、多酚氧化酶、蔗糖酶和酸性磷酸酶活性之间呈显著（P＜0.05）或极显著（P＜0.01）正相关,相关系数高达0.811,是影响土壤脲酶、多酚氧化酶、蔗糖酶和酸性磷酸酶活性的主要因素.这说明土壤酶活性在一定程度上反映了该区土壤肥力水平的高低,可作为评价该区土壤肥力水平的重要指标之一.

The soil enzyme activities of five typical dark brown soil profiles in the Three Parallel Rivers Area were studied in the lab and through field survey.The objective is to further understanding the soil characteristics in the Three Parallel Rivers Area ecosystem and provide a scientific basis for rational development and utilization of soil resources.The results showed that the activities of five enzymes changed with the depth of soil has certain regularity,in addition to the polyphenol oxidase outside,the various soil enzyme activities fell gradually with the increase of soil depth.There were significant differences existed in soil enzyme activity among different areas （P 〈 0.05）.The invertase,urease,catalase,acid phosphatase,and polyphenol oxidase of soils ranged from 0.26 ～ 12.17 mg/g,0.052 ～0.93 mg/g,0.199 ～ 2.156 mL/g,0.081 ～0.553 mg/g and 0.11 ～ 1.264 mg/g,respectively.There were obvious differences in soil urease and polyphenol oxidase activities,and slight difference in soil catalase activities.Soil organic matter,nitrogen （N） and potassium （K） contents had a significant relationship with soil enzyme activity,the correlation coefficient was 0.811 （P 〈0.01）,and it is the most important factor for urease,polyphenol oxidase,invertase and acid phosphatase activities.These results illuminated that the soil enzyme activities could be used as one of the important indicators in evaluating fertility level in this area.