37种道路绿化树木滞尘能力的比较

Comparison of Dust Retention Capacities among Thirty-seven Species of Road Landscape Trees

道路绿化树木不仅是改善环境的载体,也是空气颗粒物的过滤体。比较了新乡市春、秋季节和清洁、污染区37种道路绿化树木的滞尘能力,并通过道路绿化树木叶表微形态结构和叶片性状等因素分析了其综合滞尘能力的差异。结果表明:同种道路绿化树木的滞尘能力表现为秋季>春季、污染区>清洁区,部分道路绿化树木的滞尘能力因季节和功能区的不同而存在显著差异(P<0.05)。根据37种道路绿化树木综合滞尘能力的大小归为4类:第1类为枇杷、紫薇、红叶李、构树和毛泡桐;第2类为小叶黄杨和凤尾兰;第3类是国槐、臭椿、连翘、榆叶梅、毛白杨、紫荆、悬铃木、海桐、银白杨、椤木石楠、大叶黄杨、红叶石楠和火棘;第4类为金银木、碧桃、栾树、枫杨、小叶女贞、木槿、榆树、刺槐、银杏、龙爪槐、大叶女贞、紫叶小檗、五角枫、皂荚、垂柳、白蜡和合欢。

Road afforest trees plays an important role in environmental improvement and also is a strainer of atmospheric particulates.The dust retention capacities of 37 road tree species in different seasons and function areas in Xinxiang were compared.The difference of comprehensive dust retention capacities affected by facts of micromorphology properties and leaf character were analyzed.The results indicated that the same road afforestation trees had different dust detaining abilities,autumn season 〉 spring season and polluted area 〉 clear area,the difference of dust retention capacities of the parts were remarkable in different seasons and areas （P 〈 0.05）.The afforest trees were classified four at the basis of comprehensive dust retention capacities,the first category included Eriobotrya japonica,Lagerstroemia indica,Prunus ceraifera cv.pissardii,Broussonetia papyrifera and Paulownia tomentosa ; Buxus sinica and Yucca gloriosa belonged to the second category; the third category included Sophora japonica Linn,Ailanthus altissima,Fructus forsythiae,Amygdalus triloba,Populus tomentosa Carr,Cercis chinensis Bunge,Platanus hispanica,Pittosporum tobira,Populus alba,Photinia davidsoniae,Buxus megistophylla,Photinia serrulata and Pyracantha fortuneana ; the fourth category includes Lonicera maackii Maxim,Prunus persica Batsch,Koelreuteria paniculata,Pterocarya stenoptera,Ligustrum quihoui Carr,Hibiscus syriacus,Ulmus pumila L,Robinia pseudoacacia L,Ginkgo biloba,Sophora japonica,Ligustrum lucidum Ait,Berberis thunbergii cv.atropurpurea,Acer elegantulum,Gleditsia sinensis Lam,Salix babylonica,Fraxinus chinensis and Albizia julibrissin.