渤海富营养化现状及趋势研究

Study on eutrophication status and trend in Bohai Sea

根据1997年、2000年、2005年和2010年四个时段的渤海海域水质监测资料,选用富营养化指数法对渤海海域的富营养化现状及变化趋势进行了评价。结果表明,2010年夏季呈富营养化状态的渤海海域面积约14 080 km2,重度富营养化海域主要集中在辽东湾、渤海湾及大连近岸。1997～2010年,渤海的富营养化状况逐渐恶化,总面积由110 km2增至14 080km2。辽东湾的富营养化程度和面积均呈加重趋势,至2010年已有大面积区域处于重度富营养化状态;位于渤海湾底部的天津近岸海域自2000年以来始终处于重度富营养化状态;大连近岸海域2010年出现了较严重的富营养化现象,尤其是复州湾和普兰店湾呈现较大面积的重度富营养化区域。

Based on the monitoring data in Bohai sea water quality in 1997,2000,2005,and 2010,using the eutrophication index method,the Bohai eutrophication status and changing trend were evaluated.The results showed that the Bohai area with eutrophication status was about 14 080 km2 in the summer of 2010,and severe eutrophication waters were mainly in the Liaodong Bay,Bohai Bay and Dalian coastal waters.From 1997 to 2010,the Bohai eutrophication condition gradually deteriorated,and the total Bohai areas with eutrophication status were increased from 110 km2 to 14 080 km2.The eutrophication degree and area in Liaodong Bay showed the aggravating trend,and until 2010,a large area was in severe eutrophication status.The Tianjin coastal waters in the bottom in Bohai Bay always was a severe eutrophication status from 2000.The Dalian coastal waters appeared more serious eutrophication phenomenon in 2010,especially in the Fuzhou Bay and Pulandian Bay,showing a large area in the severe eutrophication area.