气候及地理环境对枇杷叶质量的影响初探

Primary Investigation on Influence of Climate and Geographic Environment on Quality of Loquat Leaves

目的对产自全国各地的150批次代表性枇杷叶样品中指标性成分齐墩果酸和熊果酸的含量进行测定,探讨产地对枇杷叶质量的影响。方法采用高效液相色谱法测定,色谱柱为ODS C18柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),流动相为甲醇-0.9%磷酸二氢钠(86∶14),流速为0.8 mL/min,柱温30℃,检测波长210 nm。结果四川省绵阳、成都两地所产枇杷叶药材中熊果酸、齐墩果酸总含量较高,最高为1.539 9%,较药典规定值高出219.98%;广东省揭阳、广州、清远等地所产枇杷叶药材中熊果酸、齐墩果酸总含量较低,最低为1.027 6%,较药典规定值高出146.80%。结论不同省份的气候类型、降水量、平均温度、日照时间、地理环境等对枇杷叶中熊果酸、齐墩果酸的总含量有明显影响,测定结果为枇杷叶的质量控制提供了参考依据。

Objective To adopt the HPLC method to determine the the contents of the index components oleanolic acid and ursolic acid in 150 batches of representative loquat leaf samples originated from all over the country and to study the influnee of the producing area on the quality of loquat leaves. Methods The HPLC method was adopted with the ODS Cis column（250 mm x4. 6 ram,5 μm） and the mobile phase of methanol-0. 9% sodium dihydrogen phosphate（86 ： 14）,the detection wavelength was at 210 nm,the flow rate was 0.8 mL/min and the column temperature was 30 ℃. Results The oleanolic acid and ursofic acid contents in the loquat leavws from Mianyang and Chengdu of Sichuan province were higher,up to a maximum of 1. 539 9% ,which was higher by 219.98% than the specified value stipulated by the pharmacopeia; the total contents of oleanolic acid and ursolic acid in the loquat leavws from Jieyang, Guangzhou and Qingyuan of Guangdong province were lower,with a minimum of 1.027 6% ,which was higher by 146.80% than the specified value stipulated by the pharmacopeia. Conclusion The climate type, precitipation, average temperature, sunshine duration and geographical environment of different provinces have a significant impact on the oleanolic acid and ursolic acid contents of the loquat leaves. The detection results provide reference basis for the quality control of loquat leaves.