从“小司考”到“特许律师”——国家司法考试统一性的反思

From “Uniform Judicial Examination for On-job Members of Legal Profession” to “Licensed Lawyer”——Reflecting on Unity of the National Judicial Examination

国家司法考试统一性并非目的,而是手段。平等性才是国家司法考试价值追求的目标。统一司法考试的出台是基于对平等理念的诉求,以改变原先司法机关进人制度上的低门槛与特权化。"小司考"的可谴责性就在于其突破了统一国家司法考试所一直努力追求的平等性。在国家司法考试制度的落实中,统一性始终遭遇实现差异性的挑战与突破。作为对现实的回应,法律规范已对统一性作了修正。作为国家司法考试例外情形的特许律师制度可理解为是在平等基础上的一种多元化尝试。

Unity of the National Judicial Examination is not a purpose, but a means. Equality is the value pursuit of the National Judicial Examination. Based on demand for equality, the uniform judicial examination is set to change the situations of low thresholds and the privileged system in judicial vocational accession The reprehensibility of ＂uniform judicial examination for on-job members of the legal profession＂ lies in its breach of the equality the uniform national judicial examination has been pursuing for. In implementation, however, unified form always encounters with substantive equality. Consequently, the legal standard of the unity has been revised. As an exception of the national judicial examination, licensed lawyer system can be understood as a kind of diversity attempt based on equality,