门诊患儿呼吸道疾病雾化吸入疗法应用现状调查

Investigation of the present situation of nebulizated inhalation in 1019 pediatric patients with respiratory tract diseases at outpatient departments

目的规范雾化吸入疗法在门诊患儿呼吸道疾病中的应用。方法采用横断面研究方法，于2012年2月20_-29日，收集北京儿童医院雾化室患儿年龄、性别、诊断、药品名称、剂量及给药频率等信息。通过和说明书、指南和共识比对，评价患儿雾化应用合理性。结果共收集1019例患儿，所占比例最高的前3种疾病是肺炎（244例）、喘息性支气管炎（217例）和急性支气管炎（151例）。雾化剂量不足者中沙丁胺醇占7l％，异丙托溴铵占59％，布地奈德占26．7％，与呼吸科专科医师比较，非专科医师用药剂量不足者占多数；医师间存在的用药差异在30％～100％波动；多数医师药物联用情况较好。结论初步评估门诊雾化疗法现况后发现儿童用药不够规范，亟需进一步提高患儿用药依从性。

Objective To standardize the use of nebulized inhalation in respiratory tract disease at outpatient depart- ment of our hospital. Methods Gather data, including children＇ s age, gender, disease and adopted drug name, dos- age and frequency, by cross-sectional study. Compare them with instruction and guideline to evaluate the rational use . Results There were 1019 children in this study. The top three diseases were pneumonia （244 patients） , asthmatic bronchitis（217 patients） and acute bronchitis （151 patients）. Insufficient dosage： salbutamol （71%） , ipratropium bro- mide （59%） , bndesonide （26.7%）. Compared with specialists, physicians counted for the majority of insufficient dos- age. Dosage difference existed among all physicians from 30% to 100%. The combination usage was generally good. Conclusion Medication in children is not standardized and the medication compliance needs to be improved.