理性与主体性的多元思考:从现代到后现代

The Multiple thinking of Rationality and Subjectivity: From Modern to Post-modern Perspectives

合理性与主体性是西方哲学自启蒙以降的核心概念。随着后现代学术氛围的形成,一股反理性或修正理性的风潮也成为哲学论争的重要议题,其中,主体性建构的得失无疑是核心问题。H.Siegel和N.Burbules的辩论很能体现这种论争的精神主旨。H.Siegel坚持合理性,认为知识有其确定性,力拒相对主义;N.Burbules则吸纳后现代的立场,欲以合情理来取代合理性的概念。

Rationality and subjecuvity flaw ties since the era of Enlightenment. However, many scholars begin to reject or revise the two con- cepts in the post-modern age. In this paper, the author wants firstly to discuss the pros and cons of the concept of subjectivity from modern to post-modern perspectives and concludes some positive or negative points. Then, the author investigates two famous American philosophers of education as example to explain the argument spirit between modernism and post-modernism. H. Siegel defends rationality by insisting the certainty of knowledge and refuting relativism. N. Burbules, on the other hand, proposes reasonableness to replace rationality concept. Some reflective comments for Chinese world have been proposed in the end section.