亲属活体肾移植供、受者的心理测试及分析

Psychological test and analysis before and after operation of the relative kidney transplantation

目的探讨亲属活体。肾移植供、受者术前以及受者术后的心理状况。方法采用症状自评量表（symptom checklist 90，SCL-90）对147例肾移植供、受者术前心理进行测试（包括明尼苏达测试），并对部分术后随访受者进行再次测试，对各因子得分进行统计分析。结果超过90％受者术前明显有焦虑情绪，其各因子得分明显高于供者术前的得分，两组之间在躯体化、人际关系、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、恐怖和偏执等因子得分的差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；部分受者移植术后3个月再次测试，显示术后躯体化、人际关系、抑郁、焦虑、敌对等情绪较术前明显好转（P〈0．05）；大部分供者术前心理测试显示出明显的乐助的心理类型。结论肾移植受者术前进行心理测试检查能为医护人员对部分情绪焦虑的患者进行针对性的心理干预提供参考，帮助患者更好的度过围手术期。

Objective To analyze psychological status of the donors and the recipients before and after the relative kidney transplantation. Method Symptom checklist 90 （SCL-90） were performed for 147 renal transplant recipients and donors preoperative and postoperative . Statistical analysis were performed to analyze the scores between the recipients, donors and normal standards. Results Over 90% recipients were of obvious anxiety preoperative. The scores of most factors of recipients were significantly higher than those of donors. The scores of somatization, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, hostility, phobia and paranoia between two groups has statistical significance（P〈0. 05）. Part of recipients retest SCL-90 3 month after operation, the data showed that the scores of somatization, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, hostility were obviously declined after operation（P〈0. 05）. And the test also showed that most of the donors were willing to help preoperative. Conclusion Preoperative psychological test was useful in preoperational psychological intervention for transplantation recipients. It can increase the safety of the recipients during perioperative period.