个体特征和常见疾病与中老年职工工作能力的关系

Personal Factors, Diseases and Work Ability of Middle Aged Workers

为了揭示中老年职工工作能力的影响因素 ,采用病例对照研究方法和危险度分析技术 ,对个体特征、常见疾病与中老年职工工作能力间的关系作了分析研究。结果发现 ,个体特征和疾病与中老年职工工作能力减退有密切关系。非正常婚姻 (OR=2 .5 9)和吸烟 (OR=1.99)表现为工作能力减退的危险因素 ,受教育程度高 (0 .49)和身体锻炼 (OR=0 .78)为保护因素。患有慢性疾病者工作能力减退的危险度明显增加 ,其中以神经感觉系统疾病的相对危险度最高 ,肌肉骨骼疾病、呼吸系统疾病、精神疾病也具有较高的相对危险度。

A case control study was done to reveal factors which related to the work ability decline of middle aged workers. The results showed that anomalous marriage (OR= 2.59), cigarette smoking (OR=1.99) were significant risk factors for the decline of work ability. Drinking (OR=1.59) was also a risk factor, but its OR did not reach to significant level after adjusted confounding factors. High education background and physical exercises were the protective factors with OR 0.49 and 0.78 respectively. Diseases were the high level risk factor for the decline of work ability. The highest risk was found in workers with nerval sensory system diseases. Some common diseases, eg. musculoskeletal diseases, respiratory system diseases and mental diseases, were also higher level risk factors.