无毒蛇血清中对抗蛇毒的解毒因子初探

Antitoxin Factors in Serum of Nonpoisonous Snakes Detoxicating Several Kinds of Venom

目的 :对几种无毒蛇血清进行筛选 ,寻找对抗多种蛇毒的天然成分。方法 :将 3种无毒蛇血清分别与 4种蛇毒混合 ,注入 NIH小鼠腹腔 ,观察 NIH小鼠生存时间。并对 3种无毒蛇血清进行抗蛇毒确认和筛选 ;无毒蛇血清与蛇毒混合后 ,测血清对小鼠 L D50 的影响。结果 :王锦蛇血清可中和蝮亚科 3种蛇毒 ,乌梢蛇血清可中和蝰科蝮亚科 3种蛇毒和眼镜蛇科眼镜蛇蛇毒 ,黑眉锦蛇血清对本实验所选用 4种蛇毒均无中和作用。随着王锦蛇血清和乌梢蛇血清浓度的提高 ,小鼠 L D50 也相应增加。结论 :王锦蛇和乌梢蛇血清中含有中和多种蛇毒的解毒因子。

Objective:To elucidate the antitoxin factors in the serum of nonpoisonous snakes which could inhibit several kinds of venom.Methods:Each kind of serum of nonpoisonous snake was mixed with each kind of four venom.The mixture was injected(i.P.) into the NIH mice,and then observed the surviving time.Each LD 50 was determined.Results:The serums of Elape carinta and Zaocy dhumnades were able to inhibit three kinds of venom of Crotalinae ;The serum of Zaocy dhumnades was also able to inhibit the venom of Naja naja atra .The value of LD 50 increased with the rise of concentation of serum.Conclusion:There are natural antitoxin factors in the serum of nonpoisonous snakes which are able to neutralize several kinds of venom.