1708例自身免疫性疾病抗核抗体与抗ENA抗体联合检测的结果分析

Analysis of the detection results of antinuclear antibody combined with anti-ENA antibodies in 1708 cases of autoimmune diseases

目的分析抗核抗体(antinuclear antibody,ANA)与抗可提取性核抗原(extractable nuclear antigens,ENA)抗体联合检测的情况,探讨两者之间的相关性及其临床应用。方法回顾性分析本实验室1 708例ANA和抗ENA抗体联合检测的结果及其临床资料。结果 1)ANA阳性标本503例,阳性率为29.45%(503/1 708),荧光核型主要是核颗粒型(181例)、核均质型(101例)、混合型(66例)以及胞浆颗粒型(33例)。2)抗ENA抗体阳性标本437例,阳性率为25.59%(437/1 708),出现较多的阳性抗体是抗SS-A(237例)、抗Ro-52(196例)、抗His(102例)以及抗nRNP(70例)等抗体。3)ANA和抗ENA抗体同为阳性的标本为311例。4)自身抗体阳性627例,总阳性率为36.71%,女性所占的阳性率(79.74%),显著高于男性(P<0.01),且以56～65岁组阳性率(41.18%)最高。结论不同性别和年龄患者的阳性率存在差异;不同荧光核型的ANA与抗ENA抗体之间的关系有各自的特点;联合检测ANA和抗ENA抗体,对自身免疫性疾病的诊断更有意义。

To analyze the relationship between antinuclear antibody （ANA） detection and anti-extractable nuclear antigens （ENA） antibodies detection and their clinical application in diagnosis of autoimmune diseases, a retrospective analysis of the detection results of ANA combined with anti-ENA in 1 708 cases of autoimmune diseases was done. Of all the 1708 samples, 503 cases were positive for ANA, with a positive rate of 29.45% （503/ 1 708）, 437 cases were positive for anti-ENA antibodies, with a positive rate of 25.59% （437/1 708）, and 311 cases were positive for both ANA and anti-ENA antibodies. On the other hand, there were 627 cases positive for autoantibody test （positive rate 36.71%）, and 79.74% of them （500/627） was female, which was higher than that of male （P〈 0.01）. Furthermore, there were significant differences in positive rates of different gender and age of the patients. Thus we concluded that the relationship between different fluorescent patterns of ANA and anti-ENA antibodies has their own characteristics, and the combined detection of ANA and anti-ENA antibodies can make the diagnosis of autoimmune disease more meaningful.