至战国而后世之体备——先秦散文文体论

Theory on Prose Style in the Pre-Qin Period

中国古代散文的源头,起自先秦,其特点一是百花齐放,众体皆备;二是文史哲不分家;三是与现实生活紧密结合。先秦史传散文,包含赋颂、祝盟、铭箴、诔碑、哀吊、谐讠隐、史传、论说、檄移、章表、对问、书记以及叙事、小说各体;诸子散文,则包含语录体、寓言体、议论体、说唱体、对问体甚至诗体散文。诸子散文中的叶韵,与其口耳相传的传播方式有密切关系。故章学诚指出":至战国而后世之体备。"是为的论。

Chinese ancient prose was originated in the Pre-Qin period.It had three features. Firstly, its styles were perfect. Secondly, it put literature, history and philosophy together. Thirdly, it tied with reality. Historical biography prose included FU-song, Zhu-meng, Ming-zhen, Lei-bei and narrative,novel etc. Zhu-zi proses included sayings,fable style, comment style, rap body etc. Ye-rhyme in Zhu-zi proses closely related with the mode of transmission by word of mouth. So Zhang Xueeheng say, ＂To the warring states styles were complete for the later ages.＂ It was an exact exposition.