从因变量到自变量——犯罪恐惧感研究的发展与启示

From Dependent Variable to Independent One:Insights from Line of Researches on Fear of Crime

中国研究者多认为"公众安全感"概念与西方研究者的"犯罪恐惧感"概念相同或相近。从适用语境和内涵、二者出现背离的情形以及实务部门的观点进行比较分析可以看出这两个词并非相同的概念。从最初的犯罪恐惧感形成、影响因素分析到后来的恐惧感对人行为和社会的影响研究,对恐惧感的研究日见其深;对安全感的研究却驻足不前。不囿于因变量研究而视恐惧感为对个人和社会的重要影响因素,将为警察工作拓宽视角,极大提升警察机构的工作作风。

In China Mainland,the concept of feeling of safety has been regarded to be analogical to fear of crime in Western literatures.However,based on comparative studies on the language context,connotation,divergence of development lines and on viewpoints of practitioners,the two concepts are not identical.In contrast with the continuous line of researches on its formation, to risk factors analysis and to its influence on individual behaviors and general society,there are little steps forward in term of researches on feeling of safety.Treated as either dependent variable or independdent one,the researches on fear of crime will steadily widen the horizons of police and improve its operational style.